Analysis of Countee Cullens Yet Do I Marvel Essay -- Countee Cullen Ye

Analysis of Countee Cullens Yet Do I Marvel Poetry is frequently meant to be smooth, flowing, pleasing to the ear and the mind. To achieve this effect, many poets use divers(prenominal) poetic techniques to help convey the meanings of their poetry. In the praise, Yet Do I Marvel pen by Countee Cullen, many different features of poetry is used. In this essay, I willing discuss the relationship between the meanings and the theme Cullen tries to convey in his sonnet and the techniques of metaphors, both religious and non-religious, allusions to Greek mythology, different rhyme synopsiss and repetition that he uses. In his sonnet, Cullen uses strong themes of religious metaphors while adding many non-religious metaphors at the very(prenominal) metre. The continuing theme throughout the sonnet is the mysteriousness of deity, and how He is unwilling to ploughshare the secrets of the universe by answering the speakers questions. Cullen begins with stating that his belief i n theology is that beau ideal is good natured, I doubt not God is good, well-meaning, kind, (Line 1). The first line briefly makes your mind question the sentence while you experience the starting of the theme. apply different metaphors, Cullen vividly expresses his confusion of what the purpose of his existence is and why God does what he does. And did He stoop to quibble could tell why / The littler buried mole continues blind, / wherefore figure of speech that mirrors Him must some daytime die, (Lines 2 - 4). In these lines, Cullen clarifies his position with God in stating that his questions are simply quibble to God, thus putting himself far below God. Cullen uses the metaphor of the mole to give how he is blind to the reasoning of Gods actions, while at the resembling time questioning God of why a little mole continues to be blind. In the next line, Cullen uses a biblical metaphor when mentioning flesh that mirrors Him as it is in the bible that it states God creat ed Adam in His image. Cullen refers this flesh to be humans and questions God for the purpose of death. Using these metaphors, Cullen creates a more vivid image in the imagination than he would if he were to question God outright. ?Why flesh that mirrors Him must some day die,? carries many more metaphorical images than ?Why do we die?? does, and that is one of the efforts and understanding Cullen is most likely trying to convey in his sonnet. Cullen?s brilliant... ...t a view of life, that is black, and at the same time God made him a poet?someone who is supposed to assume the earthly concern around him and express what he or she sees in nomenclature and verses. Cullen marvels at Gods decision to have someone tell the world of the blackness? which he sees. In this case, the person God has decided to tell the world is the speaker himself and Cullen contemplates what possible motivation would God have for doing this. In employ constant repetition of the theme, Cullen allow s the theme to clearly stand out and assign itself without having to hide behind words with deeper meanings. This is effective for emphasizing the theme and ensuring that it is slowly understandable. Metaphors, allusions, rhyme scheme and repetition are all techniques that Cullen used in his sonnet to improve the understanding and assist the interpretations of the poetry. His use of metaphors painted pictures in the mind while his allusions told stories with merely a few words. Rhyme scheme and repetition both assisted in the emphasis of the theme and worked exceptionally well. It is in works such as Cullen?s ?Yet Do I Marvel? that poetry and philosophy come together in a warm embrace.

Retail Tracking Systems

sell Tracking Systems sell pro or MicroStrategy? Retail Pro is overlapion line parole software that enables retail fund owners to make a Point-of- sale (POS) method of retailing. The key feature of this software is the powerfulness to create multiple revenues of sales inside one(a) insert. The software exclusivelyows employees to assign from an array of add-on modules to run a retail establishment victimization strategic devisening and lowgoing the unhomogeneous tasks involved operating a retail establishment.Retail Pro is flexible, comfy to use, and accommodates small melodyes to large corporations by increasing keeping and springerer satisfaction by creating the better client experience. (Retail Pro International, 2010) Retail Pro Software Features * Software infrastructure * Point of Sale and Store Operations * Merchandising * primal Customer Management * Central Returns Management * Oracle database Engine This software creates very flexible insurance covera ge of telephone circuit data you need at the time you need it.The POS and defend office has extensive capabilities creating a work flow customized upon the needs of your line of credit such as inventory anxiety, purchase ordering, integration with defrayment solutions, store replenishment, receiving, and employee management. Retail Pro is perfect for tradees starting out small and grows as the business grows. There are several modules that are centrally focus on what types of crossings you sell in your retail establishment. Some of these modules are as listed * Gifts and Toy Solutions Hard Goods Solutions * Home Furnishing Solutions * Specialty Apparel Solutions * Jewelry Solutions individually of these modules specialize in helping keep track of inventory, merchandising, customer management using role-specific dashboards capable of period to period analysis and reporting to mend business, store performance, and pro summate margins. The advantages of its line science is t hat it saves time and money, improves profit margins, increases business and store performance, and maximizes returns on existing data sources. Retail Pro International, 2010) MicroStrategy is Business Intelligence Software for retail tracking dodges in the palm of your hand. Its the nimble Business Intelligence that applies iPad as a business tool. You butt access dashboards to create brilliant business analysis and reports all time, any where. Besides having extraordinary displays for data, MicroStrategy includes the following features * Unlimited data analysis * Data mining * Forecasting * Operations Management * Executive decision makingMicroStrategys wide awake iPhone and iPad views videos on YouTube and views Podcasts in iTunes. This mobile retail tracking dodge even comes with a free custom dashboard. The Business Intelligence computer architecture is low in cost for ownership and delivers high performance and sophisticated analytics. If you are interested in Beta Pro grams, there are options one hatful participate. The following is what is include in MicroStrategys business applications * Mobile Business Intelligence Financial Analysis * HR Analytics * Supply cooking stove Analytics * Sales Analytics * CRM * Balanced Scoreboard MicroStrategy is World Class Business Intelligence for all your business needs. It is very user friendly migrating from departmental Business Intelligence to enterprise Business Intelligence. MicroStrategy can develop and deploy department Business Intelligence applications quickly and deliver enterprise Business Intelligence with higher(prenominal) performance and efficiency. (MicroStrategy, 2010)I k virgin there was a strategy involved in run a retail establishment, but I did not realize that retail tracking arrangings available today creating your point-of-sale could be as easy as using the computer to keep track of the elements involved in sundry(a) levels regarding merchandizing to keeping inventory, customer sa tisfaction to the better client experience, and payment solutions to business analysis reports. It is wonderful to know that there are solutions you can implement that can make your business experience a close oneWhat features of a Point-of-Sale retail tracking administration would be important to me would be directly related to how I plan to exposit my business levels beyond the brick and mortar retail establishment. My boutique is going to retail mingled products that I create and design myself which includes fashion design apparel, jewelry, sept decor items, Nature Crafts, custom-made gifts, and toysitems that are included inside my product labels of my brand. I would have to start out with a tracking organization that meets these needs to run my retail establishment which are as follows * scrutinize Management frame for each label separately Merchandising of products under each label separately * Payment Solutions that allow payment by other methods that are not cash purc hases * Customer Management * Point-of-Sale options * Business Intelligence for analytical reports and business trading operations * Employee Management * Consumer behavior, geographical, economic, and fond trends statistics * Security of business operations and store location I plan to add to my business by featuring instructional classes teaching various types of crafts a couple times a week, changing the activities when consumer interest and participation changes.I am also adding a new element of offering custom intentional clothing and accessories upon customer request. A couple of my product labels entrust dramatize in the operations of how the product is presented to consumers by expanding the activities and product in various ways. Basically, the changes that will happen beyond the brick and mortar retail establishment will happen upon expanding the different business levels of each label, adding a few new features that compliment the products, and by getting customer pa rticipation teaching various art activities.I will also expand my marketing boundaries by adding a website customers can purchase my products, contemplate the possibilities of creating a product catalog, and have legitimate products available to consumers placed in other stores that carry similar items. Plans of enlargement beyond the retail location will need a more complex Point-of-sale retail tracking system than what would already be in place. Features I would consider important due to the changes of business operations at this point would be as follows Multiple levels of sales reflecting the intricacy of the various labels conference * Website operations and Point-of-Sale system attached to various labels group * Packaging and drop shipping department added to business operations which will subscribe a more complex system so that product sales are attached to correct label group * Retail accounts added to business revenue * Adding a Point-of-Sale system that involves the custom designed apparel made upon customer requests, or alterations made to purchased store apparel * Customizable Business Intelligence features and POS system accommodating business working out levelsBased upon my business needs at the beginning of my retail establishment, features that I would require of a POS retail tracking system would be relatively staple of retail operations and tasks. I would want to start my retail business operations with a POS tracking system that would allow the changes of various reputation when I started to expand my business operations. Of the two tracking systems discussed in this report, Retail Pro and MicroStrategy Business Intelligence Software, the system I feel would be the outgo fit would be Retail Pro because of the versatility of the Business Intelligence features the software includes.Retail Pro has the capability of customizing the system of operations to accommodate the complexity of each product label group as intricacy is implement ed. My business level of operations is definitely one that does not resemble what would be considered a traditional retail system of operations because each product label is considered to be a separate unit of business to start. When expansion changes the avenues on which each product label makes revenue, the already in-place POS tracking system has to be able to accommodate these changes.Retail Pros features and customizable system of operations can accommodate changes very easily. Even with the most complex system of operations a business could have, Retail Pro would be the best fit to meet all the needs and expectations I need to charter my retail business. MicroStrategy is, in my opinion, not as convenient a fit for my establishment and nature of my multiple revenue types because the products mobile capabilities is not a feature I consider important, if at all, when choosing a POS retail tracking system and it working efficiently for its purpose twinned the structure of my bus iness operations.I would use a POS retail tracking system upon business start-up because starting my POS system as the business grows will be a positive action that will get results for the purpose of the tracking system benefits. As my business grows, doing business without a tracking system in place would be a sure failure. Company websites included inside this report http//www. retailpro. com/ http//www. microstrategy. com/

Vergil as the Greatest of all Latin Poets

Vergil is generall(a)y acknowledged as the capitalest of all Latin poets. He was historied in his own lifetime and was the beginning(a) poet in the history of Latin literature to be the subject of lectures give by a contemporary t all(prenominal)er. There seemed to be a great deal of interest in him and on his rare appearances in capital of Italy he was pointed out in the streets as if he were a celebrity. However, in his private life he was know to be very fainthearted and preferred the quiet countryside to the pandemonium of Rome. He was born as Publius Vergilius Maro in Andes, a small village, near Mantua (Mantova), Italy on October 15, 70 BC.He had devil brothers Silo, who died in his childhood, and Flaccus, who lived to be a junior man. Vergils father, a potter and cows farmer, engageed hard to provide his son with an Aristocratic education. After he established his studies in Cremona and Milan, Vergil went to Rome to study law and rhetoric at Epidius academy. It was in Rome that he met Gaius Maecenas, a romish statesman and patron of the arts, who saw Vergils promise of greatness and sponsored his education. In addition he developed a relay linkship with Octavian, who ulterior became Emperor Augustus.While in Rome, he analyse alongside many cock-a-hoop poets including Gaius Cornelius Gallus, Horace, and Lucius Varius Rufus. After leaving Rome, Vergil went to Naples to study at a lower place Siro. here, he studied philosophy and also became a member of a group of Epicurean thinkers outside Naples. This group gathered in Campania, at a retreat known as the Garden, under the lead-in of Siro, Vergils teacher and friend. Originally, Vergil wanted to study law only when he gave up after pleading only one court case and employ himself to philosophy and literature.He spent most of his life in the countryside of Campania, but kept a house on the Esquiline Hill in Rome, which was prone to him by his friend and patron Maecenas. He wrote three m ajor plant life in his lifetime. Early in his career he wrote the Ecologues, a harbour of 10 pastoral verse forms. This was followed by the Georgics, a didactic poem on farm life. His last and greatest work was the Aeneid, a mythic heroical poem describing the seven-year wanderings of the hero Aeneas. Vergils stolon major work was composed in the midst of 42 and 37 BC.This was a ten book pastoral poem know as the Eclogues or Bucolic. It was modeled on the Idylls of Theocritus, an Alexandrian poet. Vergils fury is on graceful rhymes and the description of a romantic clipting in northern Italy, but he also added many realistic elaborate such as, his fathers eviction from his farm due to political seizure. The most famous of The Ecolouges, The fourth celebrates the consume of a child who is designate to usher in a new Golden Age of peace and goodwill. Critics have do definite connections between Vergils fictional characters and real people.Some have suggested that the pro vidential birth refers to Mark Anthony, or possibly Vergils friend Octavian, who became Augustus, Romes first emperor. put away others see this divine birth as a reference to the birth of Christ. His next major work was the Georgics, or Art of Husbandry, which was written from 36 to 29 BC. It is a four-book poem that described the life of a farmer. Its fervor is said to come from the Greek poet Hesiods Works and Days. Vergils position as the leading poet of the age was confirmed with the Georgics publication. The poem deals with planting, caring for orchards and vineyards, stock management, and beekeeping.However, the main tenseness is on the values of Roman life, particularly the work ethic. The poem was designed to be universal in scope with the topics of war, peace, death and resurrection concluding each book. Vergil devoted his last ten years to the composition of the Aeneid. This is his last and, by far, best known work. It was written between the years of 30 to 19 BC in twe lve books. Modeled after Homers epics, the Iliad and the Odessey, the Aeneid is a mythological epic describing the seven-year wanderings of the Roman hero Aeneas, from the fall of Troy to his military supremacy in Italy.Aeneas, while central to the story, is more symbolic than realistic. His character exists to put the story of the founding of Rome and to personify the Roman values of trading and responsibility. In the story, Aeneas escaped from Troy carrying his father on his shoulders and leading his young son Ascanius by the grant. He brought unneurotic a fleet of Trojans and sailed the easterly Mediterranean Sea to Thrace, Crete, Epirus, and Sicily before being shipwrecked on the coast of Africa. Here Dido, the queen of Carthage, fell in love with Aeneas.The 2 began to live together as husband and wife and Aeneas intended to make Carthage his home. Jupiter, king of the gods, warned Aeneas that he must leave Dido in order to continue on his destined mission to found Rome. I n despair, Dido killed herself when Aeneas departed for Italy. After landing at the mouth of the Tiber River in Italy, Aeneas killed Turnus, the king of the Rutulians, in a war for the hand of Lavinia, who was the princess of Latium. According to Vergil, the Romans were direct descendents of Ascanius, the founder of Alba Longa, the mother city of Rome.The Aeneid is usually considered the first great literary epic, unlike the Iliad, which in essence is a work of oral poetry. The Aeneid was written as a deliberate attempt to invigorate Rome at the request of Augustus Ceasar. The historical elements are especially prominent in books five through eight, the central portion of the poem. The Aeneid became a authoritative in its own day. All of Rome, particularly the royal family, followed the progress of the epic. Vergil would take on aloud from rough drafts of the Aeneid to Augustus, his sister, Octavia, and Maecenas.As he refined his work during his later years, the poet led a comfor table life, devoting himself to historical research. In 19 BC, Vergil set out on a trip to Greece and Asia with the intention of revising his masterpiece. In Athens, he met Augustus and unfortunately became very ill during his stay in Greece. Augustus escorted his friend back to Brundisium, Italy, where he died before his epic could be revised to his satisfaction. To go along the Aeneid from being read in rough form, Vergil left instructions that it be destroyed.Augustus, realizing the value of this work, intervened before this request could be carried out and assigned two of Vergils poet friends, Varius Rufus and Plotius Tucca, to edit the manuscript for publication. The work was completed near the end of 18 BC. It achieved immediate acceptance throughout the Mediterranean as the definitive Roman epic. On his deathbed, Vergil immortalized himself with a short epitaph, which his friends inscribed above his grave. It ends with this line I sang of pastures, farms and rulers. This bec ame a touching summary of his three great works.

Review of Major Management Functions

MODULE TWO re leave examination OF MAJOR counsel FUNCTIONS SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES 1. Describe the comp championnts of the telling counseling 2. micturate at least(prenominal) 5 rules of carry worry 3. Define readiness, organizing, leading, and dogmatic 4. State the purposes and benefits of mean 5. Describe the phases of be afterning 6. Differentiate between strategicalalal and practicable prep 7. Describes the steps in strategic cookery 8. make off the study sub variability of directing 9. Name the important criteria in the military mission of responsibilities 10. Name and severalise at least three techniques aimd in supportlingCONTENT OUTLINE I. THE temperament OF MANAGEMENT PROCESS A. commandments of way forge B. Comp mavinnts of Management Process II. cookery A. The Nature of fancy B. Purposes of jutning C. Process of prep D. Types of Planning III. ORGANIZING A. precepts of Organizing IV. tell A. Activities Related to say B. Selected Tasks of N urse Managers-Supervisor C. Leadership, Communication, Motivation V. peremptory A. Principles of domineering I. THE book MANAGEMENT PROCESS Management has been out classd as the assist of acquiring run done through other(a)s.According to Fayol (in Swansburg, 1993) To manage is to portend and plan, to dress up, to drop, to coordinate and to control. To foreknow and provide manageer of examining the future and drawing up the plan of dress on. To organize means make up the dual structure, material, and forgiving of the chthoniantaking. To command means binding together, unifying and harmonizing apiece activity and effort. To control means visual perception that everything occurs in conformity with established rule and verbalized demand. A. The Principles of Management Process Fayol listed the article of beliefs of trouble as keep abreasts Division of Labor * part * Discipline * virtuoso of Command * Subordination of individual takes to the general interest * Centralization * scalar Chain nurse watchfulness is the help by which nurse managers work through others to pass on breast feeding disposalal goals. The nurse managers task is to plan, organize, direct, and control available financial, material and pitying being resources so as to provide the most in force(p) c atomic number 18 achievable to groups of patients and their families. Swansburg (1993) identified xiii general principles of nursing heed as follows c be for charge is prep. * Nursing attention is the effective use of time. * Nursing management is conclusion making. * run across patients nursing c ar takes is the business of the nurse manager. * Nursing management is the formulation and consummation of neighborly goals. * Nursing management is organizing. * Nursing management denotes a component, social military strength or rank, atomic number 18na and a theater of study. * Nursing management is the combat-ready organ of the divergence of nursing, o f the government, and of society in which it functions. * Organizational cultures reflect value and beliefs. Nursing management is directing and leading. * A well-managed division of nursing motivates employees to fulfill satisfactorily. * Nursing management is efficient conference. * Nursing management is controlling or evaluating. B. Component of effectual Management Tappen identified the components of effective management as follows * Leadership * Planning * Direction * Monitoring * Recognition * Development * design Management Functions determine Henri Fayol (1925) head start identified the management functions and briefly depict below 1.Planning encompasses find out philosophy, goals, objectives, policies, procedures and rules carrying out dogged- and short- rake realiseions determine a fiscal course of treat and managing planned multifariousness. 2. Organizing implys establishing the structure to carry out plans, find out the most let type of patient guardians hip delivery, and grouping activities to gather unit goals. some other functions involve working within the structure of the organization and understanding and utilise power and authority appropriately. 3. Staffing functions consist of recruiting, interviewing, hiring, and orienting stave.Scheduling, stave tuition, employee socialization, and team building atomic number 18 in any case often included as staffing functions. Includes several staffing functions. 4. Directing sometimes includes several staffing functions. However, this phases functions commonly entail human resource management responsibilities, such as motivating, managing conflict, delegating, communicating, and facilitating coaction 5. peremptory functions include performance appraisals, fiscal accountability, quality control, and passe-partout and collegiate control II. formulation A. Nature of PlanningPlanning, a dynamic and future lie work at is the outgrowth element of management. It is a complex, in volving whole set of inter cerebrate actions and ends (Tappen, 1997) Planning has been defined in several ways as for exercise making plan of action for a foreseeable future (Fayo, 1949, Swansburg, 1996) or as having particular(prenominal) aim or purpose and mapping out a platform or method beforehand for accomplishment of a goal. (Douglas, 1988) a offshoot of beginning with objectives, followed by deciding strategies, policies, thus by detailed steps on how to achieve them ( Steiner, 1969).These definitions indicate that it is a carry out whereby it is decided in advance what to do, how to do it, when to do it, who is to do it, as well determining feedback as bases for new plans. The supplying step of the management sour not only consists of determining the care fill of distinguishable types of patients, but in any case includes establishing nursing objectives, determining budgetary allotments, deciding the coat and type of staff needed, designing an organisational structure that exit increase staff effectiveness, and establishing operational policies and procedures. (Gillies, 1994). Planning is a basic function of all managers.Why plan? on that point are many reasons for planning. B. Purposes of Planning According to Douglas (in Swansburg, 1996), the benefits and purposes of planning include the succeeding(a) 1. Planning leads to success in achieving goals and objectives. 2. It gives meaning to work 3. It provides for effective use of available effect and facilities 4. It helps in coping with crisis situations 5. It is greet effective 6. It is ground on past and future, thus helping bring down the element of change. 7. It butt joint be used to discover the need for change 8. It is needed for effective control Some other benefits are mentioned by Donovan(1975) These are 1.Satisfactory outcomes of decision 2. Improved functions in emergencies 3. Assurance of economy of time, space, and materials, and 4. The highest of psychenel Proces ses of Planning The subroutine of planning is divided into three phases 1. Developing the plan 2. Presenting the plan 3. Implementing and supervise the plan C. Types of Planning Types of planning. According to Tomey (1992), planning abide either be a) long range or strategic planning and b) short range or operational planning. Tappen (1995), on the other hand, sort planning tally to the purpose it serves.For example, wellness care planning is a broad, survey cuddle to determining the wellness unavoidably of a qualify population, a connection or even an entire nation. The National wellness Care Plan is an example. Project planning is the process applied to a particular count on within an organization or a project carried out in cooperation with other agencies. Strategic planning or long range planning extends to five years into the future. It begins with in-depth analysis of the organizations internal surroundingss strength and weaknesses and the external opportunities and threats so that hard-nosed goals can be set for the future.Strategic planning goals are much generic and broader than those of operational planning. Historically, strategic planning became prevalent in US health care settings and literary works in the 1980s in response to major changes in the health care industry which began in the 70s. These changes add up to a high cost of health care to the extent that it is closely unaffordable to the general public. point executives of health care organizations are resorting to mergers, joint ventures, networking, and other ways of raw costs in order to survive.The main purposes of strategic planning are to clarify beliefs and values and to give direction to the organization III. ORGANIZING Organizing is a view process that identifies the organizational needs from mission statements and objectives and from mirror image of works performed, then adapting the organizational design and structure to meet these needs. It is the process of designing the machine. During the organizing process, activities are grouped, responsibility and authority are determined, and working relationships are established to alter both the organization and the employees to realize their common objectives A.Principles of Organizing 1. The Principle of Chain of Command. This principle denotes centralized authority. It states that to be satisfying to members, economically effective, and happy in achieving their goals, organizations are established with hierarchical relationships within which authority flows from pass on to bottom. The pure line or hierarchical structure is a straightforward, direct chain of mountains of command pattern that emphasizes superior subordinate relationship, in the more modern organizations however, the chain of command is flat. 2. The Principle of Unity of Command.This principle states that employee has one supervisor/ attracter and one plan for a group of activities with the comparable objective. Although an employee may act with many different individuals in the course of his work, he should be responsible for(p) to only one supervisor, whose direction he may regard as final. In Nursing, primary nursing and case management meet the principle of unity of command. 3. The Principle of Span of Control. States that a person should be a supervisor of a group that he or she can effectively supervise in ground of numbers, functions, and geography.This principle is supple because the more handy an employee is the less supervision is needed, while those still under straining need more supervision to prevent mistakes. 4. The Principle of specialization. States that each person perform a single leading function, This concept of division of labor or the differentiation among kinds of duties, springs from this principle IV. DIRECTING Directing is a function of lead. It involves the activities of commanding, supervising, coordinating, leading, implementing, delegating, communicating, tra ining, and motivating.It is also a process by which nursing effect are divine and motivated to accomplish work. A. Activities Related to Directing 1. Formulating objectives for care that are realistic for the health agency, patient, client, and nursing personnel 2. Giving first priority to the needs of the client assigned to the nursing staff 3. Providing for frame and efficiency among departments that provided support service 4. Identifying responsibility for all activities 5. Providing for safe and continual care 6. Considering the need for variety in task assignment and for development of personnel 7.Providing for the leaders availability to staff members for assistance. 8. Trusting members to follow through with their assignments 9. construe protocol for responding to incidental requests 10. Explaining procedure to be followed in emergencies. 11. Giving clear, concise, testis and informal direction 12. Using a management control process B. Elements of Directing 1. Leadersh ip. The leaders philosophical beliefs, abilities, leadership style crook greatly the way he directs. 2. Communication. Using beneficial communication techniques is one of the hallmarks of effective leadership and management.The nurse manager must(prenominal) understand that cooperation and communication in an organization go hand in hand. 3. Motivation. Motivating employees achieve high productivity and job satisfaction. V. CONTROLLING Controlling is the leadership function in which performance is measured and corrective action is taken to train accomplishment of organizational goals. Controlling includes coordination of numerous activities, decision making related to planning and organizing activities, and information from the directing and evaluating of each actors performance. A.Principles of Controlling 1. The Principle of Uniformity ensures that controls are related to the organizational structure 2. The Principle of Comparison ensures that controls are stated in legal i njury of the standards of the performance take 3. The Principle of Exception provides summaries that identify exceptions to the standards. 4. Establishing Standards. The controlling process establishes standards in terms of expected and measurable outcomes. These are the yardsticks by which achievement of objectives are measured. 5. meter Performance.The standards are applied by collecting info and measuring the activities of nursing management, comparing standards with actual care. 6. Correcting Deviation. Any improvements deemed necessary from the feedback are made acquisition ACTIVITIES 1. Discuss the similarities between the nursing process and the nursing management process 2. Describe at least three components of effective management 3. break off one example of a strategic or operational planning that you have made in relation to your professional life 4. How will you apply the principles of directing and controlling in your field of work at present?Review of Major Manag ement FunctionsMODULE TWO REVIEW OF MAJOR MANAGEMENT FUNCTIONS SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES 1. Describe the components of the effective management 2. Give at least 5 principles of nursing management 3. Define planning, organizing, leading, and controlling 4. State the purposes and benefits of planning 5. Describe the phases of planning 6. Differentiate between strategic and operational planning 7. Describes the steps in strategic planning 8. Name the major element of directing 9. Name the important criteria in the delegation of responsibilities 10. Name and describe at least three techniques used in controllingCONTENT OUTLINE I. THE NATURE OF MANAGEMENT PROCESS A. Principles of Management Process B. Components of Management Process II. PLANNING A. The Nature of Planning B. Purposes of Planning C. Process of Planning D. Types of Planning III. ORGANIZING A. Principles of Organizing IV. DIRECTING A. Activities Related to Directing B. Selected Tasks of Nurse Managers-Supervisor C. Leadership, Co mmunication, Motivation V. CONTROLLING A. Principles of Controlling I. THE NURSING MANAGEMENT PROCESS Management has been defined as the process of getting work done through others.According to Fayol (in Swansburg, 1993) To manage is to forecast and plan, to organize, to command, to coordinate and to control. To foresee and provide means of examining the future and drawing up the plan of action. To organize means building up the dual structure, material, and human of the undertaking. To command means binding together, unifying and harmonizing all activity and effort. To control means seeing that everything occurs in conformity with established rule and expressed demand. A. The Principles of Management Process Fayol listed the principles of management as follows Division of Labor * Authority * Discipline * Unity of Command * Subordination of individual interests to the general interest * Centralization * Scalar Chain Nursing management is the process by which nurse managers work thr ough others to achieve nursing organizational goals. The nurse managers task is to plan, organize, direct, and control available financial, material and human resources so as to provide the most effective care possible to groups of patients and their families. Swansburg (1993) identified thirteen general principles of nursing management as follows Nursing management is planning. * Nursing management is the effective use of time. * Nursing management is decision making. * Meeting patients nursing care needs is the business of the nurse manager. * Nursing management is the formulation and achievement of social goals. * Nursing management is organizing. * Nursing management denotes a function, social position or rank, discipline and a field of study. * Nursing management is the active organ of the division of nursing, of the organization, and of society in which it functions. * Organizational cultures reflect values and beliefs. Nursing management is directing and leading. * A well-man aged division of nursing motivates employees to perform satisfactorily. * Nursing management is efficient communication. * Nursing management is controlling or evaluating. B. Component of Effective Management Tappen identified the components of effective management as follows * Leadership * Planning * Direction * Monitoring * Recognition * Development * Representation Management Functions Identified Henri Fayol (1925) first identified the management functions and briefly described below 1.Planning encompasses determining philosophy, goals, objectives, policies, procedures and rules carrying out long- and short-range projections determining a fiscal course of action and managing planned change. 2. Organizing includes establishing the structure to carry out plans, determining the most appropriate type of patient care delivery, and grouping activities to meet unit goals. Other functions involve working within the structure of the organization and understanding and using power and autho rity appropriately. 3. Staffing functions consist of recruiting, interviewing, hiring, and orienting staff.Scheduling, staff development, employee socialization, and team building are also often included as staffing functions. Includes several staffing functions. 4. Directing sometimes includes several staffing functions. However, this phases functions usually entail human resource management responsibilities, such as motivating, managing conflict, delegating, communicating, and facilitating collaboration 5. Controlling functions include performance appraisals, fiscal accountability, quality control, and professional and collegial control II. PLANNING A. Nature of PlanningPlanning, a dynamic and future oriented process is the first element of management. It is a complex, involving whole set of unified actions and decisions (Tappen, 1997) Planning has been defined in several ways as for example making plan of action for a foreseeable future (Fayo, 1949, Swansburg, 1996) or as havin g specific aim or purpose and mapping out a program or method beforehand for accomplishment of a goal. (Douglas, 1988) a process of beginning with objectives, followed by deciding strategies, policies, then by detailed steps on how to achieve them ( Steiner, 1969).These definitions indicate that it is a process whereby it is decided in advance what to do, how to do it, when to do it, who is to do it, as well determining feedback as bases for new plans. The planning step of the management process not only consists of determining the care needs of different types of patients, but also includes establishing nursing objectives, determining budgetary allotments, deciding the size and type of staff needed, designing an organizational structure that will maximize staff effectiveness, and establishing operational policies and procedures. (Gillies, 1994). Planning is a basic function of all managers.Why plan? There are many reasons for planning. B. Purposes of Planning According to Douglas (in Swansburg, 1996), the benefits and purposes of planning include the following 1. Planning leads to success in achieving goals and objectives. 2. It gives meaning to work 3. It provides for effective use of available personnel and facilities 4. It helps in coping with crisis situations 5. It is cost effective 6. It is based on past and future, thus helping reduce the element of change. 7. It can be used to discover the need for change 8. It is needed for effective control Some other benefits are mentioned by Donovan(1975) These are 1.Satisfactory outcomes of decision 2. Improved functions in emergencies 3. Assurance of economy of time, space, and materials, and 4. The highest of personnel Processes of Planning The process of planning is divided into three phases 1. Developing the plan 2. Presenting the plan 3. Implementing and monitoring the plan C. Types of Planning Types of planning. According to Tomey (1992), planning can either be a) long range or strategic planning and b) s hort range or operational planning. Tappen (1995), on the other hand, classified planning according to the purpose it serves.For example, health care planning is a broad, survey approach to determining the health needs of a specified population, a community or even an entire nation. The National Health Care Plan is an example. Project planning is the process applied to a particular project within an organization or a project carried out in cooperation with other agencies. Strategic planning or long range planning extends to five years into the future. It begins with in-depth analysis of the organizations internal environments strength and weaknesses and the external opportunities and threats so that realistic goals can be set for the future.Strategic planning goals are more generic and broader than those of operational planning. Historically, strategic planning became prevalent in US health care settings and literature in the 1980s in response to major changes in the health care ind ustry which began in the 70s. These changes amount to a higher cost of health care to the extent that it is almost unaffordable to the general public. Chief executives of health care organizations are resorting to mergers, joint ventures, networking, and other ways of cutting costs in order to survive.The main purposes of strategic planning are to clarify beliefs and values and to give direction to the organization III. ORGANIZING Organizing is a thinking process that identifies the organizational needs from mission statements and objectives and from observation of works performed, then adapting the organizational design and structure to meet these needs. It is the process of designing the machine. During the organizing process, activities are grouped, responsibility and authority are determined, and working relationships are established to enable both the organization and the employees to realize their common objectives A.Principles of Organizing 1. The Principle of Chain of Comman d. This principle denotes centralized authority. It states that to be satisfying to members, economically effective, and successful in achieving their goals, organizations are established with hierarchical relationships within which authority flows from top to bottom. The pure line or hierarchical structure is a straightforward, direct chain of command pattern that emphasizes superior subordinate relationship, in the more modern organizations however, the chain of command is flat. 2. The Principle of Unity of Command.This principle states that employee has one supervisor/leader and one plan for a group of activities with the same objective. Although an employee may interact with many different individuals in the course of his work, he should be responsible to only one supervisor, whose direction he may regard as final. In Nursing, primary nursing and case management support the principle of unity of command. 3. The Principle of Span of Control. States that a person should be a supe rvisor of a group that he or she can effectively supervise in terms of numbers, functions, and geography.This principle is flexible because the more trained an employee is the less supervision is needed, while those still under straining need more supervision to prevent mistakes. 4. The Principle of specialization. States that each person perform a single leading function, This concept of division of labor or the differentiation among kinds of duties, springs from this principle IV. DIRECTING Directing is a function of leadership. It involves the activities of commanding, supervising, coordinating, leading, implementing, delegating, communicating, training, and motivating.It is also a process by which nursing personnel are inspired and motivated to accomplish work. A. Activities Related to Directing 1. Formulating objectives for care that are realistic for the health agency, patient, client, and nursing personnel 2. Giving first priority to the needs of the client assigned to the nu rsing staff 3. Providing for condition and efficiency among departments that provided support service 4. Identifying responsibility for all activities 5. Providing for safe and continuous care 6. Considering the need for variety in task assignment and for development of personnel 7.Providing for the leaders availability to staff members for assistance. 8. Trusting members to follow through with their assignments 9. Interpreting protocol for responding to incidental requests 10. Explaining procedure to be followed in emergencies. 11. Giving clear, concise, formal and informal direction 12. Using a management control process B. Elements of Directing 1. Leadership. The leaders philosophical beliefs, abilities, leadership style influence greatly the way he directs. 2. Communication. Using good communication techniques is one of the hallmarks of effective leadership and management.The nurse manager must understand that cooperation and communication in an organization go hand in hand. 3. Motivation. Motivating employees achieve high productivity and job satisfaction. V. CONTROLLING Controlling is the leadership function in which performance is measured and corrective action is taken to assure accomplishment of organizational goals. Controlling includes coordination of numerous activities, decision making related to planning and organizing activities, and information from the directing and evaluating of each workers performance. A.Principles of Controlling 1. The Principle of Uniformity ensures that controls are related to the organizational structure 2. The Principle of Comparison ensures that controls are stated in terms of the standards of the performance required 3. The Principle of Exception provides summaries that identify exceptions to the standards. 4. Establishing Standards. The controlling process establishes standards in terms of expected and measurable outcomes. These are the yardsticks by which achievement of objectives are measured. 5. Measuring Perf ormance.The standards are applied by collecting data and measuring the activities of nursing management, comparing standards with actual care. 6. Correcting Deviation. Any improvements deemed necessary from the feedback are made LEARNING ACTIVITIES 1. Discuss the similarities between the nursing process and the nursing management process 2. Describe at least three components of effective management 3. Give one example of a strategic or operational planning that you have made in relation to your professional life 4. How will you apply the principles of directing and controlling in your field of work at present?

Study of Maruti Suzuki Alto

SDM INSTITUTE FOR MANAGEMENT maturation STUDY OF MARUTI SUZUKI countertenor SDM IMD REPORT SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE give OF POST GRADUATE DIPLOMA IN MANAGEMENT Submitted to, Dr. H GAYATHRI Submitted by, Anuja rani (12128) Harish K P (12140) Namratha Subramani (12152) Roshan V Shetty (12158) Sriharsha V (12170) Contents ACKNOWLEDGEMENT3 INDIAN political machine INDUSTRY4 diachronic Background4 Tr completes in fruit6 Drivers of Indian rail expression elevator gondola railway automobile Industry8 egression forecasts for Indian machine pains10Current assiduity scenario10 MARUTI SUZUKI INDIA LIMITED12 VISION13 Manufacturing faithfulness13 Maruti Suzuki and ram Sport14 FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE OF MARUTI SUZUKI INDIA LIMITED14 SALES AND emolument NETWORK16 low-pitched Lets GO19 countertenor Variants19 SALES GROWTH OF MARUTI low20 STUDY OF ALTO IN THE CONTEXT OF MARKETING21 SWOT ANALYSIS21 STRENGTHS21 WEAKNESSES21 OPPORTUNITIES22 THREATS2 2 MARKETING MIX23 PRODUCT23 dam jump on23 furtherance24 PLACE24 SEGMENTATION, TARGETING AND POSITIONING24 ?Segmentation24 ?Targeting25 ?Positioning25 COMPETING PRODUCTS26 Hyundai Motor India Limited26 object lessons26 Hyundai epoch27 Tata Motors27Models27 Tata Nano27 command Motors India mystic Limited28 Models28 Chevrolet Spark28 COMPARISON WITH COMPETITORS29 References30 pictures and T sufficients Figure 1 Category-wise simple machine toil4 Figure 2 drudgery Trend6 Figure 3 Percentage change in output7 Figure 4 Trends in production, gross gross revenue and exports of railroad motor cars8 Figure 5 Key crusaders of Indian cable car Industry9 Figure 6 Sales upgradeth of MSIL14 Figure 7 winnings aft(prenominal) valuate and Sales Value15 Figure 8 ac go with Ne iirth e trulyplace Years15 Figure 9 Growth in Sales Network16 Figure 10 commercialize place partake of passenger car separate. Source SIAM, 12/200917 give in 1Category-wise gross gross gross revenu e and production of simple machine in India7 hold over 2 Indian pockets development deeper9 Table 3 Marutis Competitors a sucker diverse segments18 Table 4 Variants of Maruti alto20 Table 5 Pricing of Maruti low Variants23 Table 6 relation of countertenor with Competitors Products29 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT The sure-fire completion of this project would not require been possible without the help and unceasing champion of many an(prenominal) involved at once or indirectly. The team is grateful to Dr. H Gayathri, Dean Administration and Professor, SDMIMD, Mysore for openhanded us an opportunity to conduct this study.The Management and administration of SDMIMD, Mysore has supported and manoeuvre us throughout and no amount of words female genitalia pronounce our gratitude towards them. Last but not the least the team is thankful to their p atomic number 18nts and family members for their constant support. Group VIII, Section C PGDM 2012-14 INDIAN AUTOMOBILE INDUSTRY Indian a utomobile industry is hotshot of the straightaway festering in the sphere. It is wizard of those manufacturing industries which ca-ca grown noteworthyly since the liberalization of Indias economy in 1990s. The industry is similarly known for many innovations.In 2010, India has emerged as the second fastest growing car merchandise in the world adjoining solitary(prenominal) to China. Sales of two wheelers crossed 10 billion units during the socio-economic class, a graduation exercise, with all study(ip) two-wheeler manufactures registering tall double digit appendage. India in 2010 is the largest tractor manufacturer, second largest two wheeler manufacturer, fifth largest commercial-grade vehicle manufacturer and the eleventh largest car manufacturer in the world. Figure 1 Category-wise automobile production Historical Background Since its establishment, the Indian automobile industry has chthoniangone constant development.Some of the famous car that was manu factured in those times was Ambassador, Fiat 500 and Fiat 1100. In 1953, the g overnment of India modified the regulatory framework and ensured that solely those companies which pick out a manufacturing program in India would be allowed to operate. Seven companies including Hindustan Motors, Premier Automobiles Ltd. and Tata Engineering and Locomotives club received approval to operate in Indian grocery. During the decade of 1960s, the troika wheeler industry was completed in India. In decade of 1980s, Maruti Udyog Ltd. as established and this catalysed the offshoot of automobile industry significantly. The introduction of Maruti 800 models guide to the bargain for of more and more vehicles by Indian Consumers. MUL (later quoted as Maruti Suzuki India Ltd. ) has a proficient tie-up with Suzuki Motors of lacquer which ensured fill outstantial up-gradation of technology in the Indian car industry. Several multinational players like Mercedes-Benz, Ford, GM, Hyundai, Peugeo t and Volvo and Global auto-component firms have likewise established their bases in India with the view to depart to the quest of not only the national market but in any case to the export markets.Later half of 1990s and earlier part of 21st century saw the Indian automobile industry making the extensive leap forward. Since then Indian companies have been acclivitous globally competitive. They have been making significant strides outside the boundaries through mergers and acquisitions. The evolution of Indian auto component industry is closely associated with the impulsions in the automobile industry due to toughened inter-industry linkages. India started manufacturing components locally by establishing tie-ups with multi-national players for technological up-gradation.Hence India became major(ip) outsourcing destination for the auto majors of the world. The growth of automobile industry was aided by increased economic activity and infrastructure development, growing pl ace class cosmos with disposable incomes and availability of consumer finance facilities. Indias employee turn all everywhere and exports have surged oer the geezerhood. Industry has started establishing manufacturing and marketing base abroad. Since 1991, the number of manufacturing facilities in India has grown significantly.There be or so 15 manufacturers of passenger cars and multi utility vehicles, around 10 manufacturers of commercial vehicles, around 15 of 2/3 wheelers. The Indian automobile industry accounts around 5% of the national GDP. The turnover of the automobile industry was around US $ 35 one million million million and that for components industry was at US $ 18 billion in 2007-08. The gibe investment in automobile and auto components sectors which was estimated to be at Rs 50,000 crores in 2002-03, has gone up to Rs 80,000 crores by the year 2007-08.The saturation of traditional automobile markets of Europe, USA and Japan has led to the increasing growth o f automobile market in India. to the highest degree two decades ago, Indian automobile market was supply driven with a few(prenominal) vehicular models, which has changed now to a demand driven market catering to the cross section of the society with more than 150 models and variants. Trends in labor Over the last few old age there has been an increase trend in the production of vehicles both in value and quantity terms.The only lean patch in production was during the year 2000-01 and upstartly in 2007-08 during which the growth in absolute number declined marginally. The momentum in the production whitethorn increase further with India being considered favourably as a outsourcing destination. Figure 2 Production Trend From the above graph, it can be seen that the production of automobiles is increasing gradually every year but it has overturnd in 2007-08 due to recession. The figure 3 shows the percentage change in production of vehicles ever year. Figure 3 Percentage change in production Category 2003-04 2004-05 2005-06 2006-07 2007-08 Production Sales Production Sales Production Sales Production Sales Production Sales passenger Vehicles 989560 902096 1209876 1061572 1308913 1143076 1545223 1379979 1762131 1547985 commercialized Vehicles 275040 260114 353703 318430 391078 351041 519982 467765 545176 486817 Two Wheelers 5622741 5364249 6529829 6209765 7608697 7052391 8466666 7872334 8026049 7248589 Three Wheelers 356223 284078 374445 307862 434424 359920 556126 403910 500592 364703 Grand Total 7243564 6810537 8467853 7897629 9743112 8906428 11087997 10123988 10833948 9648094 Table 1Category-wise gross sales and production of automobile in India Figure 4 Trends in production, sales and exports of automobiles The production, sales and exports of automobiles have registered continuous growth from 2002 to 2007 except the year 2007-08. Exports as a percentage of production have also increased during the analysed full point. The approach in the export a s a percentage of production from 4. 89% in 2001-02 to 11. 3% in 2007-08 shows the growing capability of the Indian automobile industry to meet the international norms and standards and increasing acceptance of automobiles manufactured from India in the global market. Drivers of Indian Auto Industry The growth of the Indian Auto industry is catalysed by several(a) factors. * The passenger car penetration in India is at 8. 5 vehicles per thousand passel absolute terms. It is among the lowest in the world. As per capita GDP of a society grows, mobility needs for its population rapidly increase. * The proportion of materialization people, who are economically active, is rising in the boilers suit population. This has led to increasing urbanisation and the need for mobility which translates into a higher demand for two and four wheelers in India. Relatively good availability of silver and a favourable interest rate regime has also been a strong contributor to sustained demand. * T he Indian auto industry is evaluate to get a boost from the road development programmes that the country has undertaken (Golden four-sided and NSEW corridors). Changing Lifestyle Changing Lifestyle Key Drivers Driversdr Key Drivers Driversdr flip of Cars Exchange of Cars paltry Car acuteness Low Car Penetration Poor Public merchant vessels System Poor Public Transport System Favourable Duty body structure Favourable Duty Structure Rising Family Income Rising Family Income Improved Infrastructure Improved Infrastructure finance Availability Finance Availability Figure 5 Key drivers of Indian Auto Industry one-year Income in ? No of house acquires in 2010(millions) evaluate household in 2015(millions) More than 10 lakh 1. 2 3. 3 5 -10 lakh 2. 4 5. 5 2-5 lakh 10. 9 55. 1 90 thousand-2 lakh 91. 3 106 slight than 90 thousand 101. 1 74. 1 Total 206. 9 244 Table 2 Indian pockets growing deeper From the put over 2, it can be observed that Annual Income of the households is expecte d to grow at higher rate. By 2015, it is estimated that the number of households with Annual Income Rs 2-5 lakhs go forth be around 55 million. Growth forecasts for Indian auto industry * The rider Vehicle market of India will even cross Japan by interchange about 5 million Vehicles by 2017-18. The Indian auto exports will be up to $5. 62 billion in the year ending march 2011 and the identical will grow to $ 17. 64 billion in 2015-16. * Indias package in global auto exports may also triple by 2016. * Indias passenger vehicle production projections * By 2015 5. 1 million vehicles * By 2020 9. 7 million Experts articulate that in the year 2050, India will top the car volumes of all the nations of the world with about 611 million cars running on its roads. Predictions made by Ernst and childly have estimated that the Indian passenger car market will have a growth rate of about 12 per cent per annum over the next five years to reach the production of 3. 5 million units by the y ear 2014. The analysts have further stated that the industrys turnover will touch $155 billion by 2016. This achievement will succeed in consolidating Indias perplex as the ordinal largest automobiles manufacturer on the globe, eventually surging forth to become the trey largest by the year 2030 behind China and the US. Current industry scenario At present major Indian, European, Korean, Japanese automobile companies are holding significant market shares. In commercial vehicle, Tata Motors dominates over 60% of the Indian commercial vehicle market. Tata Motors is the largest medium and heavy commercial vehicle manufacturer.Among the two-wheeler segment, including scooters and mopeds- motorcycles have major share in the market. Hero Motocorp contributes 50% motorcycles to the market while Honda holds 46% share in scooter and TVS makes 82% of the mopeds in the country. In the iii wheeler industry in India, Piaggio holds 40% of the market share. Bajaj is the drawing card by making 68% of the three-wheelers. Car manufacturers in India dominate the passenger vehicle market by 79%. Maruti Suzuki is the largest car producer in India and has 52% share in passenger cars and is a complete monopoly in multi-purpose vehicles. In utility vehicles Mahindra holds 42% share. Hyundai and Tata Motors are the second and third largest car manufacturers in India.MARUTI SUZUKI INDIA LIMITED Maruti Suzuki India limited (MSIL, formerly Maruti Udyog Limited) is a subsidiary of Suzuki Motor mountain of Japan. Maruti Suzuki is a take manufacturer of passenger vehicles in India. It is lovingly referred to as peoples car maker, over the past three decades. Maruti Suzuki has changed the way people in India commute and travel. The go with has two manufacturing facilities located at Gurgaon Manesar, south of New Delhi, India. Both the facilities have a combined cognitive content to produce over a 1. 5 million vehicles annually. The caller-out plans to blow up its manufacturing s kill to 1. 75 million by 2013.The association offers 15 steels and over 150 variants ranging from peoples car Maruti 800 to the latest Life Utility Vehicle Ertiga. The portfolio includes Maruti 800, low-pitched, contralto K10, A-star, Estilo, WagonR, Ritz, alert, Swift DZire, SX4, Omni, Eeco, Kizashi, Grand Vitara, Gypsy and Ertiga. In an environment friendly initiative, in August 2010 Maruti Suzuki advanced factory fitted CNG survival on 5 models crossways vehicle segments. These include Eeco, low-pitched, Estilo, Wagon R and Sx4. With this Maruti Suzuki became the first beau monde in India to introduce factory fitted CNG vehicles. In terms of number of cars produced and interchange, the Company is the largest subsidiary of Suzuki Motor Corporation.Cumulatively, the Company has produced over 10 million vehicles since the roll out of its first vehicle on 1 fourthDecember, 1983. Maruti Suzuki is the only Indian Company to have crossed the 10 million sales mark since its i nception. In 2011-12, the confederacy sold over 1. 13 million vehicles including 1,27,379 units of exports. The Company employs over 9000 people (as on 31st marchland, 2012). Maruti Suzukis sales and usefulness net profit is the largest among car manufacturers in India. The Company has been rated first in customer satisfaction in the JD agency survey for 12 consecutive years. Besides serving the Indian market, Maruti Suzuki also exports cars to several countries in Europe, Asia, Latin America, Africa and Oceania VISIONThe Company believes that their core values drive them in every endeavour * Customer Obsession * straightaway, Flexible and Fast mover * Innovation and creativity * Networking and Partnership * Openness and Learning Manufacturing Excellence Maruti began its operations in 1983, with the first the Maruti 800 rolling out from its Gurgaon plant. Over the next two decades Maruti Suzuki car models led by Maruti 800 brought about a vicissitude in the Indian car market. As the automobile market grew so did the familiaritys production capabilities, production process and infrastructure. Its scale and manufacturing straightaway is completely several(predicate) from when it began.Today Maruti Suzukis plants are comparable with the best in the world in terms of quality, productivity and operational efficiency. Exports In recent years, the participation has expanded its presence in the overseas markets. It is not comical to find a Suzuki badge car in countries as different as Algeria, Netherlands, Chile, Sri Lanka, France and Italy. The Company has exported over one million units cumulatively. Some leading overseas markets for the Company include advanced Western Markets such as Netherlands, Germany, France and Italy and U. K beside non-European markets like Australia, South Africa, Algeria, Chile, Indonesia, Sri Lanka and Nepal.Today, Maruti Suzuki exports models such as A-star, alto , Estilo, Ritz, M-800 crossways to over 125 countries. In 201 1-12 the Maruti Suzuki exported over 127,300 units. For its sustained efforts in developing new international markets Maruti Suzuki won the championship world International Business Award 2012 (In Exports Auto and Engineering Category). Maruti Suzuki and Motor Sport Maruti Suzuki has been actively promoting motorsports in the country for over a decade now. To popularize action sport, the Maruti Suzuki motorsport schedule is packed with exciting motoring events. Be it for a motorsport enthusiast, an amateur or a professional, there are events that offer the thrill and joy of motorsport to one and all.The events include Autocross, Treasure campaign and professional rallies including Maruti Suzuki Raid-de-Himalaya, Maruti Suzuki Desert Storm and Maruti Suzuki Dakshin Dare. These events provide rallying thrills as surface as promote safe impulsive habits. For families, there are events like Womens Fun Drive and Treasure Hunt throughout the year, across cities. This year we will be organizing the fourth discrepancy of Maruti Suzuki Autocar Young Driver contest, a nationwide search for Indias best young driving talent. FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE OF MARUTI SUZUKI INDIA LIMITED The performance of Maruti Suzuki India Limited has been show continuous growth in terms of Sales value and sales volumes. The company has been able to maintain its momentum by adopting to the changing environment.The under graph shows the sales of Maruti Suzuki India Limited Figure 6 Sales growth of MSIL The on a lower floor graph shows the Sales achieved and the Profit After tax of MSIL over the past 5 years. Figure 7 Profit after Tax and Sales Value The Companys NETWORTH over the years has perpetually increased. The growth in the companys Networth is depicted in the graph downstairs. Figure 8 Company Networth over Years SALES AND SERVICE NETWORK Maruti Suzuki boasts of the largest Sales and Service network in Indian rider Vehicles Market. The company has a Sales Network of 1100 in 801 ci ties across the country. The Company also has over 2,900 service points pread across 1408 cities across the country. The graph below depicts the growth in the sales network of Maruti Suzuki Figure 9 Growth in Sales Network MAJOR COMPETITORS Maruti Suzuki enjoys a market share of 45% in the Indian passenger Car Market. thus far it has been lining unfluctuating competion from an some other(prenominal) market players such as Hyundai with a market share of 16%, Tata Motors with a market share of 14%, Mahindra with a market share of 8%, Chevrolet with a market share of 4%, Toyota with a market share of 3 % among others. A breakup of the market share of miscellaneous players in the passenger car segment is shown below. Figure 10 Market share of passenger car segment. Source SIAM, 12/2009It may be observed from the above chart and the sales growth of Maruti Suzuki, that the company has been facing stiff competition. The company being the Market attraction has been able to tide thro ugh the tough contends strongly by employing various strategies. The companys enormous service base and dealer network has enabled it to maintain its stronghold in the Passenger car market. Companies such as Hyundai, Tata Motors and Chevrolet have been launching products targeting the origination level car segment. However Maruti has been able to hold on to its customer base. Various challenging products launched by its competitors are given in the following circuit card. Sl.No Segment Description MSIL Products Competitors Products 1 Passenger Cars Mini M800, A Star, Wagon-R, countertenor Chevrolet Spark and Beat, Tata Nano and Indica, Hyundai pacify 2 Passenger Cars sign on Swift, Estillo, Ritz Hyundai i20, Volkswagen Polo, Skoda Fabia, Ford Figo, Fiat Punto, Nissan Micra, Renault Pulse, Honda Brio, Toyota Etios Liva 3 Passenger Cars Super Compact DZire Tata Indigo, Manza, Mahindra Verito, Hyundai artistic style, Chevrolet Optra 4 Passenger Cars Mid-Size SX4 Honda City and Civic, Hyundai Verna, Chevrolet Cruze, Ford Fiesta, Fiat Linea, Nissan Sunny, Toyota Corolla, Renault Fluence 5 Passenger Cars Executive Kizashi Hyundai Sonata, Honda Accord, Volkswagen Jetta, Skoda Laura, Toyota Camry 6 Utility Vehicles Gypsy, Ertiga, Grand Vitara Toyota Innova, Tata Safari, Sumo, Mahindra Xylo, Scorpio, Renault Duster 7 Vans Omni, Eeco Table 3 Marutis Competitors across various segments Even with the kind of competition, Maruti has been able to hold on to its positioning with its revolutionary products such as the alto and Swift. low-pitched has been continuously the highest marketing Passenger Car. Swift enjoys a high market share in the Compact Hatchback segment.With its presence in 801 cities across the country with over 1300 authorised service centers, Maruti has been able to hold on to its customers. Maruti also faced competition from the use car sales market, for which the company found a novel solution by launching straightforward Value outlets for us ed cars. ALTO Lets GO Maruti Suzuki launched ALTO in the Indian market in 2000. contralto was launched in the entry level Hatchback segment alongside Marutis own M800 which was launched in 1983 and since then had revolutionised the Automobile market in India. alto stood generations frontwards of the M800 in terms of technology and interior quadriceps. Alto showed the industry what a sight car could offer. It was also the first car that showed that car sales in India could log high sales volumes.Alto achieved cumulative sales of 20 lakhs during March 2011, the highest for any Indian Car. It also recorded the highest ever number of sales for any Indian Car in March 2011 by selling 38,065 units. As of July, 2012, Maruti Suzuki Alto stands at the no 1 position with 17,422 units sold during the period with a share of 9% of overall passenger car sales. It is worth mentioning that the top three spots are all held by Marutis Products. mo position is held by Swift at sales of 11,421 u nits and DZire at sales of 11,413 units. Maruti Alto was also the worlds highest selling humble car of the year in 2010. Major Achievements of Maruti Suzuki Alto 1. existences grownupst Selling small car for two consecutive years. 2.Second Maruti Suzuki soft touch to sell over 2 million, with the first being Maruti 800. 3. Crossed the 20 lakh sales mark in just 11 years 9 months in June 2012 4. Only car trademark in India to cross the 3,00,000 unit sales mark in a single pecuniary year. 5. First Indian Car to successfully pass a 24hrs resolution test. 6. Has been the highest selling car brand in the domestic market consecutively for the past 7 years. Alto Variants Maruti Suzuki launched the Alto brand in various variants such as meter, LX, LXi. VX and VXi. The table below gives a brief system of the various variants and the rollicks that it offered Sl. No Variant sustains offered 1 Standard Introduced as the rudimentary model.Had an advantage over M800 in that it had mor e space and introduced the 5th shift for cruising at high speeds 2 LX Model Introduced along with commit condition 3 LXi Model Introduced along with Air Conditioning and Power Steering features 4 VX This model sported a 4 cylinder V engine along with Air-Conditioning 5 VXi This model sported a 4 cylinder V engine along with Air-Conditioning and Power Steering feature 6 Alto K10 This model was recently launched in 2010 with a efficacious 1000cc engine Table 4 Variants of Maruti Alto Alto has been highly execute in the market and forms the major sales generating cars for Maruti Suzuki.The companys effective positioning of the brand enabled it to gain the market leader position in a short period of time. With huge growth of the Brand, MSIL slowly and in a phased manner closed down several of its production lines of M800. frankincense Alto allowed MSIL to cannibalise its own product. Altos Brand signalize made Suzuki market A-Star under the Alto brand in Europe. youthful Developm ents Recently Alto has been facing stiff competition by players such as Chevrolet (GM), Tata Motors and Hyundai. Launch of Tata Nano was expected to eat into the sales of Alto. Chevrolet launched Spark and Eons launch by Hyundai have been expected to eat into Maruti Altos sales.However the company has adopted aggressive marketing strategies to combat the similar. The company launched the Maruti Alto Xplore feature with a number of additional features. Alto K10 introduced in 2010 also helped the company combat some combination, which helped it to maintain combined sales of 20,000 units per month. The company is also expected to launch a new 800cc car to be named as Alto 800, with a scathe in the sub 2 lakh range making it around 40,000 cheaper than the regular Alto. This may be the companys answer to Nano from Tata Motors. Marutis Alto 800 will replace the Iconic M800 and is likely to cash in in on the 28-year legacy that the car has created.Also Maruti is expected to launch the model during the 2012 Indian Festival season to push up sales volumes. SALES GROWTH OF MARUTI ALTO Alto since its inception in 2000 has been posting increasing sales. The sale of Alto in FY 2009 was 212,000 units and grew to 235,000 units in FY 2010. FY 2011 saw sales of 347,000 units and during FY 2012 the brand recorded a sales of 308,000 units. STUDY OF ALTO IN THE CONTEXT OF MARKETING In the execute of this work an attempt has been made to study Maruti Alto in the consideration of Marketing by rehearseing various marketing techniques and models. An effort has been made to apply relevant models to study the success of the brand.We start with studying the brand in the context of 4 Ps, make a SWOT analytic thinking on Maruti Alto and discuss the Segmentation, Targeting and Positioning. SWOT ANALYSIS The Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats for Maruti Alto as a brand is analysed below STRENGTHS Company Reputation Maruti enjoys a very good reputation in the Indian Pas senger Car Market. The company has built on the reputation from its M800 which revolutionised the market. As a brand Maruti Alto enjoys a similar reputation as the most selling small car. Market Share Maruti being the market leader in the Passenger car segment enjoys a large market share of over 40%. Alto also enjoys a huge market share in terms of volume sales at around 9% of the overall passenger car sales.Customer Satisfaction Maruti Suzuki is Ranked No. 1 in J D Power Customer Satisfaction index number consecutively for 12 years. Distribution Effectiveness Maruti has a vast diffusion and service channel. This has helped the company penetrate into the whole geographical reach of India. The company has a native sales network of 1100 dealers and has covered 801 Indian cities. It has over 1305 Dealer workshops and around 1653 authorised service centres spanning 1408 cities. Geographical Coverage The Company has covered the width and breadth of the Indian Subcontinent. With its hu ge sales and service network the company has been able to maintain a strong footing in the market. WEAKNESSESTechnical Manufacturing Skills (Diesel Car Segment) Maruti Suzuki has by far been the best performing company in the passenger car segment in the petrol variants. Its major sales have been in the Petrol variants. However the company lacks sire in the diesel engine motor cars manufacturing and is relatively new to the segment. However with the introduction of the diesel versions of Swift and Swift DZire the company has comfortd the absence in this segment. However Alto completely misses out in this segment. The company has recently report that it is planning to launch a car with an 800 cc diesel engine. custody Maruti Suzuki has a large workforce however most of this workforce has been twinge personnel.The company has been witnessing regular strikes by the workforce. A recent turmoil at the companies Manesar Plant is evident of the volatile workforce of the company. Expor t Market Maruti Suzuki has been the leader in domestic sales however the company lags behind in exports. Hyundai its closest competitor in the domestic front holds the leader position in exports. Though Alto has made a name in European roads, the company has not been able to provide on the same due to lack of experience. OPPORTUNITIES Purchasing Power The growing purchasing designer and Income of the Indian Middle Class family is an opportunity that the company can capitalise upon.Diesel Car Segment Though Maruti Suzuki and Alto as a brand suffer from their relative absence in the diesel car market, the diesel car segment is a luscious opportunity for the company to cash upon. With subsidised diesel prices and better diesel engine technologies in the market, many customers are willing to try diesel cars. Therefore a growing diesel car market segment is an opportunity for Maruti. THREATS Competition from abroad Players Maruti Suzuki faces a major challenge from the new players ent ering the Indian Market from foreign countries. This was already witnessed after the launch of Chevrolet ( universal Motors) in India. Competition from Second hand / Used Cars Market Many first timers tend to bribe used cars. This eats into the sales of Maruti Suzukis products.However the company has been able to alleviate it with the launch of its very own True Value outlets selling used cars. MARKETING MIX An attempt is made to analyse the Brand with destination to the 4 Ps of marketing Product, Price, Promotion and Place. PRODUCT Large Portfolio of products Maruti Suzuki has a large variety of products as shown in table 3. by from this the company also has a variety of products under its various brands. Maruti launched Alto in a number of variants such as Standard, LX, LXi, Vx and VXi (referred in table 4) Design Maruti Alto was so designed to increase the interior space of the car in comparing with the M800. Also the car featured a fifth gear which was absent in the erstwhil e leader M800.Features Feature additions have been taking place as per the requirements of the customers. Features such as office staff windows are now a part of the new models K10 and Xplore. Warranty MSIL offered a guarantee of 2 years or 40,000 kms of running whichever is earlier from the eon of delivery to its first owner for all of its cars. Also MSIL provides extended warranty services on payment of a premium. The warranty can be extended to 3 or 4 years (60,000 kms or 80,000 kms). PRICE Various variants of Maruti Alto is priced as per the table below Sl. No Model Price (non Metallic) in Rs Price (Metallic) in Rs 1 Alto Standard 2,49,477. 98 2,52,745. 62 Alto sixty-one 3,01,249. 97 3,04,517. 61 3 Alto LX 2,82,489. 77 2,85,757. 42 4 Alto K10 LXI 3,24,319. 31 3,27,587. 10 5 Alto K10 VXI 3,37,736. 80 3,41,004. 92 Table 5 Pricing of Maruti Alto Variants MSIL has been recently adopting Aggressive pricing to mother higher market share and to counter the attack by other manufac turers such as Hyundai with the launch of EON. Maruti During the initial days of launch of Alto had put Alto under the A2 segment. The A1 segment had only 1 Brand, the M800. The A2 segment contained 3 brands viz. , Alto, Zen and Esteem. Thereby Maruti scaled down the Alto LX model to Alto Standard priced at over 2. 4 Lakhs.This enabled Maruti to play 2 brands in the A1 segment which earlier had only one car. Also it may be noted that Alto initially priced the Alto in the A2 segment as most of the components were imported. Efforts of Import Substitution led to increase in the local content and Maruti was thus able to reduce the prices of the models. Maruti is seen adopting aggressive pricing recently. It is reported to be planning the Alto 800 in the sub 2 lakh Rupees segment, cheaper by almost Rs 40,000 than the regular Alto. PROMOTION Maruti Suzuki adopted various sales promotion and Advertising efforts. They target the market with taglines such as Ghar Ghar me Maruti, Mera Sapna M era Maruti, India comes home in a Maruti.Ads telling Maruti Alto Lets Go stressed on the send away efficiency of the cars. Marutis Advertisements were targeted at the mileage savvy Indian consumer. Ads in which people would ask a guide Kitna Deti Hai were clearly targeted at the Indian Consumer. The ads noted in the end that For a Country Obsessed with Mileage, Maruti makes the most fuel high-octane cars. Maruti also offered discounts during festival seasons to increase its sales volumes. Maruti choose many channels for its promotion. It advertise on the print media, broadcasted its advertisements and also advertised over the Internet. Alto was promoted everywhere as a fuel efficient Brand. PLACESales Channels Maruti expanded from a sales network of 375 in 227 cities in 2005-06 to 801 cities in 2011-12 with a total sales network of 1100. The company has a service network disperse across 1408 cities. Coverage Maruti has been able to launch its products across all states of the co untry. Its sales network presence in 801 cities indicates to the fact that Maruti has been able to launch its products across the Indian Subcontinent. SEGMENTATION, TARGETING AND POSITIONING * Segmentation Maruti Suzuki segmented the market on the home of income and age. In this way they employed demographic segmentation. * Income For high income groups models like SX4, Kizashi, Swift Dzire and Ertiga were launched.For middle income groups models like Alto, A Star, Ritz, Wagon-R and Swift under premium hatchback door segment were launched. * Age Maruti Alto was targeted at the Indian Youth. The company launched AD campaigns which showcased it as a car for the youth. However the car appealed for all the age segments. * Targeting Maruti Suzuki targeted the Indian youth and the middle income group. The company looked at the vast population who were looking to switchover from two wheelers to four wheelers. * Positioning Maruti Suzuki positioned Alto as the car for the youth along with their existing position as a fuel efficient brand. Their advertisements depicted Alto as a fuel efficient small car for the youth.This can be also known from the Maruti Suzukis note on Alto as Epitomising freedom and independence, the Alto offers high fuel efficiency and is easy on maintenance. The Alto is the perfect option for the ever-mobile youth of today. COMPETING PRODUCTS Ever since its Launch Marutis Alto has been measure large sales. The company capitalised on the growing Income of the Indian Household and targeted the Indian Youth. It may be noted that as mentioned earlier, 27% of Altos sales came from youth under the age of 29. This was noticed by other major players in the Indian Sector. Thus most of them launched products challenging the position of Maruti Alto. Hyundai, General Motors and Tata Motors came up with products supposed to challenge Maruti Alto.Below a brief word of honor is made about these companies and their competing products. Hyundai Motor India Limit ed Hyundai Motor India Limited (HMIL) is a wholly owned subsidiary of Hyundai Motor Company (HMC), South Korea and is the largest car exporter and second largest car manufacture in India. HMIL presently markets models of passenger cars across different categories. HMILs manufacturing plant is located near Chennai with the total capacity of 600000 units per annum. It claims to have the most advanced production, quality and testing capabilities in the country. To support its growth and expansion plans, HMIL currently has a 336 strong dealer and 721 strong service points across India.Models The following are the models visible(prenominal) currently from the HMIL. 1. Hyundai Accent Executive(Launched 2003) 2. Hyundai Santro Xing(Launched 2003) 3. Hyundai Uber Cool i20(Launched 2008) 4. Hyundai Next Gen i10(Launched 2010) 5. Hyundai Fluidic Verna(Launched 2011) 6. Hyundai EON(Launched 2011) 7. Hyundai Santa Fe(Launched 2010) 8. Hyundai Sonata(Launched 2012) Among these models, Hyundai E ON is the nearest competitor for Maruti Alto. It is priced betwixt Rs 2. 7 lakhs to Rs 3. 7 lakhs and gives the Maruti Alto a strong competition. Hyundai EON Maruti is facing stiff challenge from its direct competitor Hyundai Motors after the launch of EON.There was slight interim in Altos booking and sales ever since HMIL inform the launch of its new product EON. Hyundai EON was also targeted at the same segment of Indian Youth which was the major segment generating revenues for Maruti Alto. EON achieved bookings of 6315 units during October 2011 during which period the sales of Alto clocked 15,197 units. Tata Motors Tata Motors is the Indias largest Automobile manufacturing company, worlds 4th largest truck manufacturer and 2nd largest bus manufacturer. It is ranked 3rd in the passenger car segment. It has auto manufacturing and assembly and assembly plants in Jamshedpur, Pantnagar, Lucknow, Sanand, Dharwad and Pune.It has also operations in the UK, South Korea, Thailand and Sp ain through subsidiaries. It has sold over 6. 5 million vehicles in India since 1954. Models Under passenger cars division of Tata Motors, the following are the models available currently. 1. Tata Sumo / Grande / Gold 2. Tata Safari 3. Tata Indica / Vista 4. Tata Indigo / Marina / Manza 5. Tata Nano 6. Tata Xenon XT 7. Tata Aria Among these models, Tata Nano is the significant competitor for Maruti Alto. It is priced very aggressively around Rs 1. 5 lakhs. Tata Nano The Nano was a household name even before its launch. The launch of Tata Nano expanded the Indian car market by 65% (according to CRISIL). At present, the Nano comes with a 4 years / 60000 km warranty.The launch of Nano lessened the price gap between the two wheelers and the four wheelers. The Nano was expected to be a major challenge for the Alto and was expected to eat into the sales of Alto. During October 2011 Nano recorded a sales of 3868 units against Altos sales of 15,197 units. General Motors India Private Limite d General Motors India Private Limited is the fifth largest automobile manufacturing company in India after Maruti Suzuki, Hyundai, Tata Motors and M&M. In 1996, GM launched its first model Opel Astra. General Motors India manufacturing plant is located at Halol, Gujarat and they entered the Indian Auto market with total investment of US $ 252 million.In 2003, the company entered the MUV segment by launching the Chevrolet brand in India through Forester. In 2004, the company launched another MUV model, the Tavera. The Tavera was quite successful in capturing the attention of tours and travels operators after the exit of Toyota Qualis. Following this the company launched various models in different categories under Chevrolet brand. Models GM India motors discontinued all the models under the Opel brand in 2006 and replaced by Chevrolet. The following are the current models available under the Chevrolet brand. 1. Chevrolet Optra (Launched 2003) 2. Chevrolet Tavera(Launched 2004) 3. Chevrolet Aveo / U-VA (Launched 2006) 4. Chevrolet Spark (Launched 2007) 5.Chevrolet Captiva (Launched 2008) 6. Chevrolet Beat (Launched 2010) 7. Chevrolet Cruze (Launched in 2007 and upgraded in 2012) Chevrolet Spark GM launched Chevrolet Spark in 2007 targeting the entry level segment with a price tag between Rs 3. 14 Rs 3. 68 lakhs. . Chevrolet Spark was also launched on the same platform as that of Alto targeting the youth. Chevrolet introduced additional features such as airbags to its variants in Spark. Chevrolet also offered a 3 year / 100000 km warranty for Spark while Maruti offered only a 2 years / 40000 km warranty for Alto. During October 2011 Chevrolet Spark Clocked a sales of 1782 units as against Altos sales of 15,197 units.COMPARISON WITH COMPETITORS In the previous section the close competitors of Maruti Suzuki Alto were discussed. Here an attempt is made to compare the brands on various aspects. The table below shows the comparison. Factor of Comparison ALTO HYUN DAI EON TATA NANO CHEVROLET SPARK Company Reputation High High High best Brand name High High Good Good Product fictional character Good Good Good High Product Features Less Good Less Good Market Share High Low Low Low Product Variants Good Less Less Less Table 6 Comparison of Alto with Competitors Products It may be noted that Maruti Suzuki Alto stands ahead of its competition.However, during recent times it is seen that the market share of the company and the brand has cut due to other promotional strategies employed by its competitors as well as the features and services offered. Various strategies that may be adopted by Maruti Suzuki to help retain its market share are given below 1. Product Reformulation Maruti may adopt various product reformulation strategies to increase its image. The interiors of Alto have been noted to be boring and less spacious. Maruti should work towards improving the interiors of Alto and also to increase the leg space. 2. Feature Additions Maruti Alto suffered a setback to Hyundai Eon as Eon sported Airbags among other safety features. Maruti can also introduce features such as Airbags, Anti-Lock Braking system and Power Windows. 3.Product Quality Improvement Maruti Alto was reported to have hard gears in comparison to Hyundai cars. Maruti may work on the same to improve the quality of the cars. References 1 M. Goyal, How Maruti keeps conflux Indias demand what makes Swift and Dzire so popular, The Economic Times, 19 August 2012. 2 www. ibef. org/industry/automobiles. aspx, Online. 3 http//amitbiswal. blogspot. in/2011/08/market-share-analysis-of-indian-car. html, Online. 4 S. R. Anjan Ghosh, Indian Passenger Vehicle Industry Growth impulsion To Continue. 5 M. M. Mr. S. Prahalathan, Indian Automotive IndustryAt The Crossroads, Quest Publications, 2008. 6 Maruti Suzuki India Ltd, Annual Report 2011-2012. 7 http//en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Maruti_Suzuki, Online. 8 M. Singh, Maruti Adapts Aggressive Marketing Stra tegy For Alto To Combat EON Effect, Caredekho. com, 20 October 2011. 9 http//bestsellingcarsblog. com/category/india/, Online. 10 http//management-punditz. blogspot. in/2012/04/indian-automobile-statistics-fy-2012. html, Online. 11 http//www. marutisuzuki. com/, Online. 12 N. S. Gupta, Maruti may position Alto in the A segment, The Economic Times, 23 April 2004. 13 http//en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Automotive_industry_in_India, Online.

Mr Makedama

tarmac case analysis by UCT group of MBA students Company overview Macadams Bakery Supplies Holdings (Macadams) is a manufacturer of oven and other appliances for the baking industry. Their financial statements for 1996 senior highlight a very(prenominal) strong year. Turnover grew by 59% to R125. 3m and profit outgrowthd by 81%. An acquisition of Livanos Brothers (February 1996) took place in response to the enlarged requisite in the local commercialise as well as an magnification of market base in foreign markets. Depreciation of the Rand against other major(ip) currencies also supported export sales.The company has entered a phase of quick expansion, expanding its main factory in Cape Town by 50%. As well as opening new sales and scattering centers in Durban and Bloemfontein in the current year, with pull ahead plans to expand in to Zimbabwe in the foldepressioning year. An analysis of the companys financial statements will desexualise whether the company is in a positi on to leverage its expansion, or whether it is possibly growing too rapidly. Detailed Financial Analysis Profit efficacy Macadams experience a healthy submitover, which increased by 58. 5% between 1995 and 1996.This abnormally high growth in turnover was due to a heave demand for their ingatherings, favor fit exchange numbers and acquisitions of transmission lines, which complimented their current product portfolio. They further expanded the workal remunerationwork to service the growing market they were operating in. It should however be noted that a growth set of 58. 5% per annum is not sustainable or realistic, and although Macadams has extended their products and services to world(a) markets through joint ventures and M&038As, there would be a point where there growth would become organic, or at least(prenominal) in line with industry standards..Although operating and net margins start better since 1995, the net margin remains low at 8. 5%. This indicates that disda in dramatic increases in revenue, Macadams have only marginally improved the capability to gene cast profits. Liquidity The income statement displays a healthy growth by Macadams however the silver flow statement shows a contradictory picture. Macadams have a honorable pellucidity problem. Cash generated from operations is significantly reduce by 87% in comparison to the prior financial year.The operation did not generate commensurate cash to fund its fill, taxation or dividends payments for the year. As a settlement these payments were made through borrowed funds. Working seat of government movements in 1996 adversely impacted cash generated by operating activities, with a noticeable increase in working capital of 595% from R2. 7million to R19million. This is due to an increase in inventory of 66%, to meet perceived consumer demand, which was funded by cash resources. there has also been an increase in debtors of 129%, due to increased character sales.Furthermore, credit ors increased by 87%, which only partially offset the increase in current assets. This is a scenario of a melodic phrase expanding too rapidly. There are high aims of sales and gross profits, but a serious cash flow problem created by inventory build-up, and high level of receivables. Cash is now tied up in stock and debtors. The escape of available cash in the championship could impact Masadamss ability to service their short liabilities. Efficiency Macadams have become less(prenominal) considerably in 1996. The accounts receivables increased by 129% in 1996.Reviewing the debtors parade finale we can clearly see the longer allurement purpose (53 days in 95 to 77 days in 96) could be indicative of more relaxed credit terms, which could be MBSs strategy to attract more sales and increase turnover. This strategy does however create a risk of bad debt and creates a problem for operational cash flow, as it currently is experiencing. It is also noted on the financial statemen ts that Debtors have been utilize by ceded to the banks as security for facilities granted. Cession of debt means that the banks do not have faith in Macadams ability to give back its debt.Leverage The debt ratio has increased by 9% this was for the championship of the expansion. The additional funding taken out, mortgage loan is bulletproofd by land and buildings, and the chattel assets secure the installment sale agreement. This is risky as it means should Macadams fail to blade payment on either of these loans, they would lose R4. 3 million of its movable and immovable assets. Incurring debt to expand their operations and grow the business is not a bad thing, and is necessary. Despite the massive increase in debt, the busy cover ratio is still healthy.This however, is not a cash base ratio and gives us no indication as to whether the company is able to make its cash payments to service the increased quantities of debt. For this reason the concern would be raised with resp ect to Macadams ability to service their debt. This concern is specific to their deprivation of liquid funds available in the business. DuPont analysis With the aid of the DuPont feign of analysis the pursuit observations were made Macadams ROE, of 30. 63%, has decreased by 1. 4% during the financial year under review.However it could be seen as a good return on equity, as it is 10% higher than the prime interest rates at the time (20. 25% Nov 1996). Macadams have become less efficient in using its assets to generate profits. Its efficiency ratios demonstrate a drop from 2. 37 to 1. 90 however this could be explained by the quantify of the acquisition of assets. Vacant land was acquired in September 1996, just terce months before the December year-end, and new premises opened in Bloemfontein in November 1996. These assets would not yet have had the opportunity to generate the profits that whitethorn be expected in future.Macadams profitability has increased marginally since the previous(prenominal) year however their net margin is still a low 8. 50%. Macadams are not using its revenue to generate sufficient profits. In terms of leverage, the ratio has increased marginally from the 1995 financial year, to 1. 89, in line with increasing debt in terms of both long-term and short-term borrowing. Conclusion Macadams are a promising business which is currently generating high sales volumes and generous profits. The problem with the business is the following Their inability to depict their sales into cash. The drive and efforts to grow the business at a rate which is not practical to their available resources and balance sheet this results in the following oAccrual of high volumes of long-term and short-term debt. oHigh inventory levels as a result of their steep growth plan which they have implemented (cash on the shelves/in the store room) oIncreased overheads to operate newly established network offices to service the market. If Macadams operates their busi ness as they are, they will eventually grow their business into bankruptcy.As a turn around strategy, I would implement the following initiatives to maximize the output of the business and create a more sustainable business model. Slow-down the growth rate which Macadams is currently experiencing. Limit its debt, i. e. not take out any further debt. Analyze the current business operations to improve operational efficiency, consequently decreasing COS of sale per unit sold, and inevitably increasing gross, net and operating profit margins. Improve sales efforts to reduce inventory levels, and concurrently increasing overall sales. Macadams should also review their current costs and aspect for cost saving initiatives. This will ensure that the revenue increase is matched with a similar increase in profits. Ensure the business is more liquid by having more operational cash and cash in the business this can be achieved by decreasing the debtors collection period from 77 days to 30 da ys, and increasing their creditors period to 45 days. If I had shares in Macadams I would hold on to them if the higher up initiatives were implemented, as this would ultimately result in an increased EPS.

Introduction To Research

research is a superior-hat pronounce that sc ars a lot of people. It is a welcoming attitude towards change. The research narrate of mind brook follow through to anything. It is a job-solving mind. What is explore? inquiry is delineate as a c beful, overbearing oeuvre in a playing area of knowledge, undertaken to discover or anchor facts or principles (Webster, 1984). Research is defined as a systematic serve well of collecting and analyzing information to find an resolution to a question or a solution to a job, to authorize or test an animate theory.The Value of Research Research helps professionals by providing information to make decisions, or o perform their functions more effectively. Teachers use up to know what teaching order can be used health services providers need health-related data in developing health programs Research Improves the case of Life Quality research is the lifeblood of any scientific discipline. Without it, disciplines would stagnate , weakness to advance past their modern limits and understanding. (Wan 1997 p. 7) General Types of Research Research can be classified into ternion categories descriptive research Correlation or association research data-based or discourse research Descriptive Research The descriptive of landing field finds answer to the questions who, what, where and how. This type of research delimits a short letter or a addicted state of affairs in terms of specified aspects or factors. Examples of research topics cutpurse under the descriptive type 1 . The caution style of school administrators in Lillo City 2.Tardiness and absenteeism among high school students 3. The insecticidal properties of pepper instructive or Correlation Research An informative study goes beyond verbal description of the problem or situation. It attempts to explain the possible factors related to a problem which have en observed in a descriptive study. This study answers the questions why and how. The factor s related to the problem, however, need non be viewed as touchable arranges Of the problem, but factors which are associated with or may bestow to the occurrence of the problem.Certain factors are fake to explain or contribute to the existence of a problem or a veritable chequer or the variation in a given situation. The researcher usually uses a theory or a hypothesis to account for or explain the forces that are assumed to have caused the problem. For example, relationships surrounded by the following pairs f variables can be canvas 1. Gender Grades 2. Knowledge about malignant neoplastic disease compliance with medical aliment 3.Educational attainment repayment status of reconciling members Intervention or data-based Research The intervention or data-based type of research evaluates the effect or outcome of a peculiar(prenominal) intervention or treatment. It studies the cause and effect relationship between current factors on a certain phenomenon under controlled conditions. The following examples of research topics fall under the explanatory or correlation category 1 . The burden of Different Levels of Applied atomic number 7 on the growth and Yield of strain Experimental vs..Non- data-based Research Experimental research Treatments are given to subjects Cause-and-effect questions Non-experimental research Treatments are not given to subjects Participants are observed as they naturally exist former(a) Dichotomies of Research There are other classification of research 1. polished or Applied 2. Exploratory or Explanatory 3. denary or Qualitative polished Basic Attempts to recognise an existing situation and/or explain certain patterns of behavior victimisation either or both qualitative and quantitative research cuisines Pure research offers break in descriptions and better explanation of human behavior.The intention is to pick up knowledge about a certain phenomenon. Doesnt necessarily provide results of immediate, functional use Applied Research Aims to see an immediate solution to a problem Focuses on variables or factors which can be changed by intervention in order to master a desired goal An experimental study comparing the force of two methods of improving a situation Exploratory Designed to describe an existing problem situation and regard the underlying factors that contribute to the egress of the problemExplanatory To understand or explain a prevailing situation or explain a relationship between factors which may have already been identified in exploratory studies desire more specific answers to queer and how questions Quantitative vs.. Qualitative Research Quantitative data are equanimous such that they can be quantified and subjected to statistical analyses Qualitative data are gathered such that they can be analyzed through informed judgment Research may be obtrusive or non-obtrusive meddling research where the researcher introduces conditions that influence participants. intromissio n To ResearchResearch is a high-hat word that scares a lot of people. It is a welcoming attitude towards change. The research state of mind can apply to anything. It is a problem-solving mind. What is Research? Research is defined as a careful, systematic study in a field of knowledge, undertaken to discover or establish facts or principles (Webster, 1984). Research is defined as a systematic process of collecting and analyzing data to find an answer to a question or a solution to a problem, to validate or test an existing theory.The Value of Research Research helps professionals by providing information to make decisions, or o perform their functions more effectively. Teachers need to know what teaching method can be used Health services providers need health-related data in developing health programs Research Improves the Quality of Life Quality research is the lifeblood of any scientific discipline. Without it, disciplines would stagnate, failing to advance past their current lim its and understanding. (Wan 1997 p. 7) General Types of Research Research can be classified into three categories Descriptive research Correlation or association research Experimental or intervention research Descriptive Research The descriptive of study finds answer to the questions who, what, where and how. This type of research describes a situation or a given state of affairs in terms of specified aspects or factors. Examples of research topics fall under the descriptive type 1 . The management style of school administrators in Lillo City 2.Tardiness and absenteeism among high school students 3. The insecticidal properties of pepper Explanatory or Correlation Research An explanatory study goes beyond description of the problem or situation. It attempts to explain the possible factors related to a problem which have en observed in a descriptive study. This study answers the questions why and how. The factors related to the problem, however, need not be viewed as real causes Of th e problem, but factors which are associated with or may contribute to the occurrence of the problem.Certain factors are assumed to explain or contribute to the existence of a problem or a certain condition or the variation in a given situation. The researcher usually uses a theory or a hypothesis to account for or explain the forces that are assumed to have caused the problem. For example, relationships between the following pairs f variables can be studied 1. Gender Grades 2. Knowledge about cancer compliance with medical regimen 3.Educational attainment repayment status of cooperative members Intervention or Experimental Research The intervention or experimental type of research evaluates the effect or outcome of a particular intervention or treatment. It studies the cause and effect relationship between certain factors on a certain phenomenon under controlled conditions. The following examples of research topics fall under the explanatory or correlation category 1 . The Effect of Different Levels of Applied Nitrogen on the growth and Yield of Rice Experimental vs..Non- experimental Research Experimental research Treatments are given to subjects Cause-and-effect questions Non-experimental research Treatments are not given to subjects Participants are observed as they naturally exist Other Dichotomies of Research There are other classification of research 1. Pure or Applied 2. Exploratory or Explanatory 3. Quantitative or Qualitative Pure Basic Attempts to describe an existing situation and/or explain certain patterns of behavior using either or both qualitative and quantitative research cuisines Pure research offers better descriptions and better explanation of human behavior.The intention is to accumulate knowledge about a certain phenomenon. Doesnt necessarily provide results of immediate, practical use Applied Research Aims to see an immediate solution to a problem Focuses on variables or factors which can be changed by intervention in order to achieve a desired goal An experimental study comparing the effectiveness of two methods of improving a situation Exploratory Designed to describe an existing problem situation and examine the underlying factors that contribute to the emergence of the problemExplanatory To understand or explain a prevailing situation or explain a relationship between factors which may have already been identified in exploratory studies Seek more specific answers to Sunny and how questions Quantitative vs.. Qualitative Research Quantitative data are gathered such that they can be quantified and subjected to statistical analyses Qualitative data are gathered such that they can be analyzed through informed judgment Research may be obtrusive or non-obtrusive Obtrusive research where the researcher introduces conditions that influence participants.